利用kali工具crunch来生成字典

文章最后更新时间为:2018年12月21日 20:52:30

Crunch是一种创建密码字典工具,该字典通常用于暴力破解。kali默认会安装这个软件。

首先打开kali,输入:

root@kali:~# crunch

会显示:

crunch version 3.6

Crunch can create a wordlist based on criteria you specify.  The output from crunch can be sent to the screen, file, or to another program.

Usage: crunch <min> <max> [options]
where min and max are numbers

Please refer to the man page for instructions and examples on how to use crunch.

接下来我们看下具体的介绍:

root@kali:~# man crunch

结果:


CRUNCH(1)                   General Commands Manual                  CRUNCH(1)

NAME
       crunch - generate wordlists from a character set

SYNOPSIS
       crunch <min-len> <max-len> [<charset string>] [options]

DESCRIPTION
       Crunch can create a wordlist based on criteria you specify.  The output
       from crunch can be sent to the screen, file,  or  to  another  program.
       The required parameters are:

       min-len
              The  minimum  length  string  you want crunch to start at.  This
              option is required even for parameters that won't use the value.

       max-len
              The maximum length string you  want  crunch  to  end  at.   This
              option is required even for parameters that won't use the value.

       charset string
              You  may specify character sets for crunch to use on the command
              line or if you leave it blank crunch will use the default  char‐
              acter sets.  The order MUST BE lower case characters, upper case
              characters, numbers, and then symbols.  If you don't follow this
              order  you  will not get the results you want.  You MUST specify
              either values for the character type or a plus sign.   NOTE:  If
              you  want  to  include the space character in your character set
              you must escape it using the \ character or enclose your charac‐
              ter  set in quotes i.e. "abc ".  See the examples 3, 11, 12, and
              13 for examples.

OPTIONS
       -b number[type]
              Specifies the size of the output file, only works if -o START is
              used,  i.e.:  60MB   The  output  files will be in the format of
              starting letter-ending letter for example: ./crunch 4 5 -b 20mib
              -o START will generate 4 files: aaaa-gvfed.txt, gvfee-ombqy.txt,
              ombqz-wcydt.txt, wcydu-zzzzz.txt valid values for type  are  kb,
              mb,  gb,  kib, mib, and gib.  The first three types are based on
              1000 while the last three types are based on 1024.   NOTE  There
              is  no  space between the number and type.  For example 500mb is
              correct 500 mb is NOT correct.

       -c number
              Specifies the number of lines to  write  to  output  file,  only
              works if -o START is used, i.e.: 60  The output files will be in
              the  format  of  starting  letter-ending  letter  for   example:
              ./crunch  1  1 -f /pentest/password/crunch/charset.lst mixalpha-
              numeric-all-space -o START -c 60 will result in 2 files: a-7.txt
              and  8-\  .txt  The reason for the slash in  the second filename
              is the ending character is space and ls  has  to  escape  it  to
              print it.  Yes you will need to put in the \ when specifying the
              filename because the last character is a space.

       -d numbersymbol
              Limits the number of duplicate characters.   -d  2@  limits  the
              lower  case  alphabet to output like aab and aac.  aaa would not
              be generated as that is 3 consecutive letters of a.  The  format
              is number then symbol where number is the maximum number of con‐
              secutive characters and symbol is the symbol of the the  charac‐
              ter set you want to limit i.e. @,%^   See examples 17-19.

       -e string
              Specifies when crunch should stop early

       -f /path/to/charset.lst charset-name
              Specifies a character set from the charset.lst

       -i  Inverts  the  output  so  instead  of  aaa,aab,aac,aad, etc you get
              aaa,baa,caa,daa,aba,bba, etc

       -l When you use the -t option this option tells  crunch  which  symbols
              should  be  treated as literals.  This will allow you to use the
              placeholders as letters in the pattern.  The -l option should be
              the same length as the -t option.  See example 15.

       -m Merged with -p.  Please use -p instead.

       -o wordlist.txt
              Specifies the file to write the output to, eg: wordlist.txt

       -p charset OR -p word1 word2 ...
              Tells crunch to generate words that don't have repeating charac‐
              ters.  By default  crunch  will  generate  a  wordlist  size  of
              #of_chars_in_charset  ^  max_length.   This  option will instead
              generate #of_chars_in_charset!.  The  !  stands  for  factorial.
              For example say the charset is abc and max length is 4..  Crunch
              will by default generate 3^4  =  81  words.   This  option  will
              instead  generate 3! = 3x2x1 = 6 words (abc, acb, bac, bca, cab,
              cba).  THIS MUST BE THE LAST OPTION!  This option CANNOT be used
              with -s and it ignores min and max length however you must still
              specify two numbers.

       -q filename.txt
              Tells crunch to read filename.txt  and  permute  what  is  read.
              This  is  like the -p option except it gets the input from file‐
              name.txt.

       -r Tells crunch to resume generate words from where it  left  off.   -r
              only  works if you use -o.  You must use the same command as the
              original command used to generate the words.  The only exception
              to  this is the -s option.  If your original command used the -s
              option you MUST remove it before you resume the  session.   Just
              add -r to the end of the original command.

       -s startblock
              Specifies a starting string, eg: 03god22fs

       -t @,%^
              Specifies  a pattern, eg: @@god@@@@ where the only the @'s, ,'s,
              %'s, and ^'s will change.
              @ will insert lower case characters
              , will insert upper case characters
              % will insert numbers
              ^ will insert symbols

       -u
              The -u option disables the printpercentage thread.  This  should
              be the last option.

       -z gzip, bzip2, lzma, and 7z
              Compresses  the output from the -o option.  Valid parameters are
              gzip, bzip2, lzma, and 7z.
              gzip is the fastest but the compression is minimal.  bzip2 is  a
              little slower than gzip but has better compression.  7z is slow‐
              est but has the best compression.

EXAMPLES
       Example 1
       crunch 1 8
       crunch will display a wordlist that starts at a and ends at zzzzzzzz

       Example 2
       crunch 1 6 abcdefg
       crunch will display a wordlist using the  character  set  abcdefg  that
       starts at a and ends at gggggg

       Example 3
       crunch 1 6 abcdefg\
       there  is  a  space  at  the end of the character string.  In order for
       crunch to use the space you will need to escape it using the \  charac‐
       ter.   In this example you could also put quotes around the letters and
       not need the \, i.e. "abcdefg ".  Crunch will display a wordlist  using
       the character set abcdefg  that starts at a and ends at (6 spaces)

       Example 4
       crunch 1 8 -f charset.lst mixalpha-numeric-all-space -o wordlist.txt
       crunch  will  use  the  mixalpha-numeric-all-space  character  set from
       charset.lst and will write the wordlist to a file  named  wordlist.txt.
       The file will start with a and end with "        "

       Example 5
       crunch 8 8 -f charset.lst mixalpha-numeric-all-space -o wordlist.txt -t
       @@dog@@@ -s cbdogaaa
       crunch should generate a 8 character wordlist using  the  mixalpha-num‐
       ber-all-space  character  set  from  charset.lst  and  will  write  the
       wordlist to a file named wordlist.txt.  The file will start at cbdogaaa
       and end at "  dog   "

       Example 6
       crunch 2 3 -f charset.lst ualpha -s BB
       crunch  with  start generating a wordlist at BB and end with ZZZ.  This
       is useful if you have to stop generating  a  wordlist  in  the  middle.
       Just  do  a tail wordlist.txt and set the -s parameter to the next word
       in the sequence.  Be sure to rename the original  wordlist  BEFORE  you
       begin as crunch will overwrite the existing wordlist.

       Example 7
       crunch 4 5 -p abc
       The numbers aren't processed but are needed.
       crunch will generate abc, acb, bac, bca, cab, cba.

       Example 8
       crunch 4 5 -p dog cat bird
       The numbers aren't processed but are needed.
       crunch  will  generate  birdcatdog, birddogcat, catbirddog, catdogbird,
       dogbirdcat, dogcatbird.

       Example 9
       crunch 1 5 -o START -c 6000 -z bzip2
       crunch will generate bzip2 compressed files with each  file  containing
       6000  words.  The filenames of the compressed files will be first_word-
       last_word.txt.bz2

       # time ./crunch 1 4 -o START -c 6000 -z gzip
       real    0m2.729s
       user    0m2.216s
       sys     0m0.360s

       # time ./crunch 1 4 -o START -c 6000 -z bzip2
       real    0m3.414s
       user    0m2.620s
       sys     0m0.580s

       # time ./crunch 1 4 -o START -c 6000 -z lzma
       real    0m43.060s
       user    0m9.965s
       sys     0m32.634s

       size  filename
       30K   aaaa-aiwt.txt
       12K   aaaa-aiwt.txt.gz
       3.8K  aaaa-aiwt.txt.bz2
       1.1K  aaaa-aiwt.txt.lzma

       Example 10
       crunch 4 5 -b 20mib -o START
       will  generate  4  files:   aaaa-gvfed.txt,   gvfee-ombqy.txt,   ombqz-
       wcydt.txt, wcydu-zzzzz.txt
       the  first  three  files  are 20MBs (real power of 2 MegaBytes) and the
       last file is 11MB.

       Example 11
       crunch 3 3 abc + 123 !@# -t @%^
       will generate a 3 character long word with a  character  as  the  first
       character,  and  number  as  the second character, and a symbol for the
       third character.  The order in which you  specify  the  characters  you
       want is important.  You must specify the order as lower case character,
       upper case character, number, and symbol.  If you aren't going to use a
       particular  character set you use a plus sign as a placeholder.  As you
       can see I am not using the upper case character set so I am  using  the
       plus sign placeholder.  The above will start at a1! and end at c3#

       Example 12
       crunch 3 3 abc + 123 !@# -t ^%@
       will generate 3 character words starting with !1a and ending with #3c

       Example 13
       crunch 4 4  + + 123 + -t %%@^
       the  plus sign (+) is a place holder so you can specify a character set
       for the character type.  crunch will use the default character set  for
       the  character  type when crunch encounters a + (plus sign) on the com‐
       mand line.  You must either specify values for each character  type  or
       use  the  plus  sign.   I.E.  if you have two characters types you MUST
       either specify values for each type or use a plus  sign.   So  in  this
       example the character sets will be:
       abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz
       ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ
       123
       !@#$%^&*()-_+=~`[]{}|\:;"'<>,.?/
       there is a space at the end of the above string
       the  output  will start at 11a! and end at "33z ".  The quotes show the
       space at the end of the string.

       Example 14
       crunch 5 5 -t ddd@@ -o j -p dog cat bird
       any character other than one of the following: @,%^
       is the placeholder for the words to permute.  The @,%^ symbols have the
       same function as -t.
       If  you  want  to  use @,%^ in your output you can use the -l option to
       specify which character you want crunch to treat as a literal.
       So the results are
       birdcatdogaa
       birdcatdogab
       birdcatdogac
       <skipped>
       dogcatbirdzy
       dogcatbirdzz

       Example 15
       crunch 7 7 -t p@ss,%^ -l a@aaaaa
       crunch will now treat the @ symbol  as  a  literal  character  and  not
       replace the character with a uppercase letter.
       this will generate
       p@ssA0!
       p@ssA0@
       p@ssA0#
       p@ssA0$
       <skipped>
       p@ssZ9

       Example 16
       crunch 5 5 -s @4#S2 -t @%^,2 -e @8 Q2 -l @dddd -b 10KB -o START
       crunch will generate 5 character strings starting with @4#S2 and ending
       at @8 Q2.  The output will be broken into 10KB sized  files  named  for
       the files starting and ending strings.

       Example 17
       crunch 5 5 -d 2@ -t @@@%%
       crunch  will generate 5 character strings staring with aab00 and ending
       at zzy99.  Notice that aaa and zzz are not present.

       Example 18
       crunch 10 10 -t @@@^%%%%^^ -d 2@ -d 3% -b 20mb -o START
       crunch will generate 10 character strings starting with aab!0001!!  and
       ending at zzy 9998    The output will be written to 20mb files.

       Example 19
       crunch 8 8 -d 2@
       crunch  will  generate 8 characters that limit the same number of lower
       case characters to 2.   Crunch  will  start  at  aabaabaa  and  end  at
       zzyzzyzz.

       Example 20
       crunch 4 4 -f unicode_test.lst japanese -t @@%% -l @xdd
       crunch will load some Japanese characters from the unicode_test charac‐
       ter set file.  The output will start at @日00 and end at @語99.

REDIRECTION
       You can use crunch's output and pipe it into other programs.   The  two
       most popular programs to pipe crunch into are: aircrack-ng and airolib-
       ng.  The syntax is as follows:
       crunch 2 4 abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz | aircrack-ng /root/Mycapfile.cap
       -e MyESSID -w-
       crunch 10 10 12345 --stdout | airolib-ng testdb -import passwd -

NOTES
       1.  Starting  in version 2.6 crunch will display how much data is about
       to be generated.  In 2.7 it will also display how many  lines  will  be
       generated.   Crunch will now wait 3 seconds BEFORE it begins generating
       data to give you time to press Ctrl-C to abort crunch if you  find  the
       values are too large for your application.

       2.   I   have   added   hex-lower   (0123456789abcdef)   and  hex-upper
       (0123456789ABCDEF) to charset.lst.

       3. Several people have requested that I add support for the space char‐
       acter  to  crunch.   crunch has always supported the space character on
       the command line and in the charset.lst.  To add a space on the command
       line  you  must escape it using the / character.  See example 3 for the
       syntax.  You may need to escape other characters like ! or #  depending
       on your operating system.

       4.  Starting  in 2.7 if you are generating a file then every 10 seconds
       you will receive the % done.

       5. Starting in 3.0 I had to change the -t * character to a , as  the  *
       is  a  reserved  character.   You  could still use it if you put a \ in
       front of the *.  Yes it breaks crunch's syntax and  I  do  my  best  to
       avoid  doing that, but in this instance it is easier to make the change
       for long term support.

       6. Some output is missing.  A file didn't get generated.
       The mostly explanation is you ran out of disk space.  If you have veri‐
       fied  you have plenty of disk space then the problem is most likely the
       filename begins with a period.  In Linux filenames that  begin  with  a
       period are hidden.  To view them do a ls -l .*

       7.  Crunch  says The maximum and minimum length should be the same size
       as the pattern you specified, however the length is set correctly.
       This usually means your pattern contains a character that needs  to  be
       escaped.  In bash you need to escape the followings: &, *, space, \, (,
       ), |, ', ", ;, <, >.
       The escape character in bash is a \.  So a pattern that has a & and a *
       in it would look like this:
       crunch 4 4 -t \&\*d@
       An  alternative  to  escaping  characters  is  to wrap your string with
       quotes.  For example:
       crunch 4 4 -t "&*d@"
       If you want to use the " in your pattern you will  need  to  escape  it
       like this: crunch 4 4 -t "&*\"@"
       Please  note  that different terminals have different escape characters
       and probably have different characters that will need escaping.  Please
       check  the manpage of your terminal for the escape characters and char‐
       acters that need escaping.

       8. When using the -z 7z option, 7z does not delete the  original  file.
       You will have to delete those files by hand.

AUTHOR
       This manual page was written by [email protected]

       Crunch version 1.0 was written by [email protected]
       all later versions of crunch have been updated by [email protected]

FILES
       None.

BUGS
       If  you  find  any  please  email  bofh28 <[email protected]> or post to
       http://www.backtrack-linux.org

COPYRIGHT
       Copyright (c) 2009-2013 bofh28 <[email protected]>

       This file is a part of Crunch.

       Crunch is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
       the  terms  of  the GNU General Public License as published by the Free
       Software Foundation, version 2 only of the License.

       Crunch is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,  but  WITHOUT
       ANY  WARRANTY;  without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
       FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General  Public  License
       for more details.

       You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
       with Crunch.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

Version 3.6                        May 2014                          CRUNCH(1)

上述已经解释的很明显了。语法是crunch <min-len> <max-len> [<charset string>] [options]

翻译一下选项如下:

  • -b:指定写入文件最大的字节数,该大小可以指定KB、MB或GB,必须与-o START选项一起使用。
  • -c:指定要写入输出文件的行数,必须与-o START选项一起使用
  • -d:限制相同元素出现个数,比如-d 2@限制小写字母最多重复两个,可aab、aac但是不能aaa。格式是数字+符号,数字是连续字母出现的次数,符号是限制字符串的字符,例如@,%^(“@”代表小写字母,“,”代表大写字符,“%”代表数字,“^”代表特殊字符)
  • -e:指定何时应该提前停止,比如-e aaabbb指到这里就会停止。
  • -f:调用密码库文件,比如-f /usr/share/crunch/charset.lst
  • -i:翻转输出,输出aab变成baa。
  • -l:跟t搭配使用,告诉crunch那些符号被当成文字 这将允许使用占位符作为模式中的字母,l选项应与t选项的长度相同,参见例子15。
  • -m:与-p合并,直接用-p就行。
  • -o:wordlist.txt,指定输出文件的名称,例如wordlist.txt
  • -p:字符串 或者单词1 单词2 ...以排列组合的方式来生成字典
  • -q:告诉crunch读取filename.txt并置换读取的内容。这就像-p选项。
  • -r:告诉它从某个地方重新开始,只有同时使用-o选项它才会生效。
  • -s:指定起始字符串。
  • -t:指定输出格式。有@,%^,@,%^分别代表意义如下:

    • @ 插入小写字母
    • , 插入大写字母
    • % 插入数字
    • ^ 插入特殊符号
  • -u:选项禁用printpercentage线程,必须放最后。
  • -z:从-o选项压缩输出结果,支持gzip, bzip2, lzma, and 7z格式,gzip是最快压缩率最低,bzip2是稍微慢于gzip,但比其压缩率搞,7z最慢,但压缩率最高。

下面举几个例子:

1.创建一个密码列表文件,并保存在桌面上。其中,生成密码列表的最小长度为8,最大长度为10,并使用ABCDEFGabcdefg0123456789为字符集。执行命令如下所示:

crunch 8 10 ABCDEFGabcdefg0123456789 –o /root/Desktop/

这会生成659TB大的文件!

2.生成几个元素的组合(可以用于社工中收集的信息)

 crunch 4 4 -p zhangsan 2018 0101 ..

3.生成指定的字符串(比如生成编号,手机号等)

crunch 10 10 -t 201800%%%%
1 + 9 =
快来做第一个评论的人吧~